How do you properly measure the concentration of substances in the urine?
Measure the values from the morning urine and follow the rule of the so-called medium urine flow. This means letting some of the urine drain before you take a sample or soak the paper directly. Place the paper on absorbent paper, which sucks out excess urine, and after about 60 seconds evaluate the color of the reagent zones according to the color scale on the canister.
Determination of urine pH - Normal urine pH is 5.0 - 7.0. One of the functions of the kidneys is to regulate the acid-base balance, and therefore any deviation can signal a number of diseases. Deviations from this value may be associated with urinary tract infections and are also a risk factor for urinary stones (high and low pH), urogenital tract disorders, acidosis (acidification) ...
After about 60 seconds, the color of the indicator paper is read from a 6-point scale.
- pH 6 - optimum
- pH 6.5 - optimum
- pH 7 - alkalosis
- pH 7.5 - alkalosis
- pH 8
- pH 8.5
In a healthy person, the pH of urine depends to a large extent on the diet. This means that if we consume too much acidic foods (meat, sweets, coffee, alcohol ...) the urine will be acidic, if, on the contrary, we eat more plant foods, we avoid sugar, smoking, stress, our urine will be more alkaline.
Determination of sugar level
Under normal circumstances, a healthy organism does not have sugar in the blood, which means that it should not even be in the urine. However, if it appears in the urine, it means an increased level in the blood. This increase signals a possible disease of type I or II diabetes. It can also be excessive single use of glucose, kidney disorders ...
After about 30 seconds, the color of the indicator paper is read from a 5-point scale.
- Negative (+)
- 5mmol / l (++)
- 15 mmol / l (+++)
- 30 mmol / l (++++)
- 60 mmol / l
If sugar is indicated in the urine, blood plasma and blood glucose levels should be tested to detect or eliminate diabetes mellitus.
Determination of proteins
Proteins are excreted only in small amounts in healthy individuals (0.3 g / day). The current urinary protein content can be measured using the 3-Test indicator paper. After about 60 seconds, the color of the indicator paper is read from a 5-point scale.
- Negative (+)
- Footprints (++)
- 0.3g / l (+++)
- 1g / l (++++)
- 3g / l
If bacteria, blood, some ammonia compounds, some drugs (penilcillin, sulfoamides, cephalosporins) are present in the urine, they may adversely affect the result. An increased value may indicate kidney disease or urinary tract infections, excessive presence of certain proteins in the blood ...
Proteinuria (protein in the urine) occurs mainly in: flu, fever, severe hyperlordosis, pregnancy, extreme physical activity (mild proteinuria in athletes may be completely normal), anemia, heart failure, high blood pressure, often are the cause of kidney disorders and diseases, tumors, thrombosis in the kidney vessels ...
A good drinking regime is a good prevention and protection of kidney disease, thorough intimate hygiene in women, avoid inflammation of the legs and back. Take care of a good immune system, limit your intake of sugars and 6 omega fatty acids
